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立秋是二十四節(jié)氣的第十三個(gè)節(jié)氣，更是秋天的第一個(gè)節(jié)氣，標(biāo)志著孟秋時(shí)節(jié)的正式開(kāi)始。立秋過(guò)后，梧桐樹(shù)開(kāi)始落葉，因此有“落葉知秋”的成語(yǔ)。今年的立秋始于8月7日。

立秋后，往往有數(shù)天炎暑逼人，無(wú)異于盛夏，俗稱“秋老虎”，比喻其兇猛可怕，猶如老虎。秋老虎從氣象學(xué)的角度來(lái)說(shuō)是指三伏出伏后短期回?zé)岬奶鞖?，一般發(fā)生在8月至9月之間，天氣特征是早晚清涼、午后高溫暴曬。

在清朝，民間流行在立秋這天以懸秤稱人，將體重與立夏所稱的體重對(duì)比來(lái)檢驗(yàn)當(dāng)年夏季的健康狀況。如果瘦了就要在立秋后“貼秋膘”，通過(guò)食補(bǔ)來(lái)增肥。一般首推食用肉類，“以肉貼膘”。

《立秋》

一葉梧桐一報(bào)秋，稻花田里話豐收。

雖非盛夏還伏虎，更有寒蟬唱不休。

立秋的氣候是由熱轉(zhuǎn)涼的交接節(jié)氣，

也是陽(yáng)氣漸收，陰氣漸長(zhǎng)，由陽(yáng)盛

逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殛幨⒌臅r(shí)期，是萬(wàn)物成

熟收獲的季節(jié)。

“啃秋”，寓意炎炎夏日酷熱難熬，忽逢立秋，將其咬住，與“咬春”相似，人們認(rèn)為立秋之時(shí)吃一些東西能預(yù)防疾病。大部分地區(qū)會(huì)在立秋當(dāng)日吃西瓜，也有吃甜瓜、餃子和玉米的省份?？星锸惆l(fā)的，實(shí)際上是一種豐收的喜悅。

古人常在立秋時(shí)節(jié)舉辦舉重比賽，則借舉重的器物，以比試體力的大小。拉弓比賽也非常流行，以拉弓弦到圓滿為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其重量以石來(lái)計(jì)算。民間則通常用石鎖、石擔(dān)來(lái)比，力氣大的，不但能只手高舉，而且可以上下盤(pán)旋揮舞，隨意做出各種動(dòng)作。

在浙江杭州一帶有立秋日食秋桃的習(xí)俗。每到立秋日，人人都要吃秋桃，每人一個(gè)，桃子吃完要把桃核留藏起來(lái)。等到除夕，不為人知地把桃核丟進(jìn)火爐中燒成灰燼，人們認(rèn)為這樣就可以免除一年的瘟疫。

“摸秋”的風(fēng)俗流行于江蘇鹽城北部地區(qū)。立秋日晚上，人們可以在別人家的瓜園中摸回各種瓜果，俗稱摸秋。丟了瓜果的人家（也稱丟了“秋”的人家），無(wú)論丟多少，也不追究。如果摸到瓜果，父母就認(rèn)為孩子將來(lái)不愁吃喝，事事順利。人們將摸秋視為游戲，算不上小偷小摸之劣行。但是，過(guò)了立秋時(shí)節(jié)，父母就要嚴(yán)格教育孩子，不可以再去偷拿他人的一針一線。

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of autumn, the 13th solar term of the year, begins on Aug 7 this year and ends on Aug 22.

Although start of autumn signals beginning of fall, hot weather still lingers. "Autumn tiger" or "Indian summer", refers to a month-long period of hot weather after the start

of autumn. Because of decreasing precipitation, it is even more sweltering during this period than during major heat (July 23-August 7).

People often weigh themselves on the first day of start of autumn and compare their weight to what it was at the start of summer. If one has lost weight during the summer, according to Chinese customs, he or she needs to flesh out at the beginning of autumn by eating more, especially meat.

Start of autumn is a big solar term for farmers as it is a time for harvest.

As a popular saying goes in Chinese: "If it rains on the day of the start of autumn, a good harvest is expected."

"Biting autumn" is a folk custom that signifies biting onto autumn and not letting it go. Many believe that eating a particular kinds of food on start of autumn, in most cases watermelon, can bring along a healthy year. "Biting autumn" can be taken as a sentimental gesture that celebrates good harvest.

In ancient China, weight lifting contests were often held during start of autumn. People lifted rocks, pulled arches with weights and tossed locks made of rocks in order to demonstarte their strength.

In Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, people eat peaches on the start of autumn. The peach pits are kept until New Year's Eve and thrown into the stove then burned into ash, so as to "burn" out any possible illnesses that may harm one's health.

There is the custom of "Touching autumn" in the northern part of Yancheng, Jiangsu province. On the eve of start of autumn, people can take fruits and vegetables as they like from private or public gardens for good luck. Owners will not be angry, no matter how much they lose. Many gardeners even leave some mellow fruits in the field on purpose for the guests during the night.