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英語(yǔ)中不“吃醋”
[ 2007-06-29 13:25 ]

原文:She spoke with a touch of vinegar.
譯文:她說(shuō)話(huà)帶著一點(diǎn)醋意。

辨析:乍一看譯文一點(diǎn)不錯(cuò),還有點(diǎn)文采,但實(shí)際上卻是錯(cuò)譯。此句的關(guān)鍵在于vinegar的隱喻含義。Vinegar是“醋”不錯(cuò),但這兩個(gè)中英文詞只有在指那種帶酸味的調(diào)料(即詞的本義)時(shí),意思才是一樣的?!罢f(shuō)話(huà)帶點(diǎn)醋意”當(dāng)然不指說(shuō)話(huà)人嘴里真的帶醋味兒,而是隱喻,表示妒忌(即隱含意義connotative meaning)。

然而,英語(yǔ)中的vinegar的隱含意義不同于漢語(yǔ)“醋”的隱含意義,與嫉妒無(wú)關(guān),而是表示“不高興”或“尖酸刻薄”。因此,原句應(yīng)譯為:她說(shuō)的有點(diǎn)刻薄。

不過(guò)要注意:vinegar在美語(yǔ)中還有“精力充沛”的意思,如a kid full of vinegar是“一個(gè)活蹦亂跳的小伙子”。反過(guò)來(lái),漢語(yǔ)的“吃醋”當(dāng)然也不能譯成eat/taste vinegar,而應(yīng)是be jealous。有趣的是,英語(yǔ)文化中把“嫉妒”和jaundice(黃疸)連起來(lái),說(shuō)某人嫉妒是bejaundiced。順便說(shuō)一下,形容一個(gè)人言談?dòng)馗⒄f(shuō)話(huà)酸溜溜的,英語(yǔ)是pedantic或priggish;a sour fellow是“一個(gè)脾氣乖張的人”;the sweet and sour of life則指“人生苦樂(lè)”。

與之有關(guān)的顏色隱喻,英漢也不一樣,漢語(yǔ)中嫉妒別人常說(shuō)“得了紅眼病”,而英語(yǔ)卻說(shuō)green-eyed。嫉妒被稱(chēng)為green-eyed monster;莎士比亞把“嫉妒”稱(chēng)為the green sickness。


(通訊員稿 英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯)

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